The U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to hear a closely watched Arizona election case that could determine how far states may go in requiring proof of citizenship and maintaining voter registration rolls ahead of future elections.
The case centers on two Arizona laws passed by the Republican-controlled Legislature in 2022. One requires people registering with the state’s voter registration form to provide documentary proof of U.S. citizenship, while another directs election officials to regularly review voter rolls and remove registrants whose citizenship cannot be verified, including within 90 days of an election. Lower federal courts blocked portions of the laws after finding they conflicted with federal voting statutes.
The appeal was filed by the Republican National Committee and is supported by the Trump administration, which argues the measures are designed to protect election integrity by ensuring only eligible citizens vote. Opponents contend the laws impose requirements that conflict with federal election law and could prevent eligible voters from participating in elections.
Arizona has been at the center of the national debate over election administration for more than a decade. The state already requires documentary proof of citizenship for state and local elections, while federal law allows voters to register for federal elections without providing those additional documents if they complete the federal registration form. The Supreme Court is expected to hear oral arguments this fall, with a decision likely after the 2026 midterm elections.
